Key stakeholders should continue to modify existing programs and jointly develop and implement new policies to make infill properties desirable to investors and better able to compete with greenfields. Developing infill property is often more costly and complicated than developing greenfields. Federal and state policies have been enacted that attempt to level the playing field between urban and exurban locations, but federal, state, and local governments should continue to review existing policies and develop new ones to provide the same level and quality of investment and services to the inner city and older suburbs as are provided to exurban locations. For example, the federal government should continue to review existing policies and develop new ones to fully implement brownfields legislation and its National Brownfields Partnership. States should investigate whether they can replicate the growth management initiatives of the city of Portland, Oregon, and the states of Maryland, Florida, and New Jersey.41 City governments should also work with business associations to reduce or eliminate regulations that impose costly and unreasonable barriers to business development in distressed communities.